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Corel Medical Series: Cancer
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c42.dxr
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00035_Field_SRC.c42.C.4.txt
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1997-01-28
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At Significantly Higher Risk
• Exposure to radiation therapy , especially between 1920 and 1950, for enlarged lymph nodes in the neck,
mastoiditis, tonsils, whooping cough, acne, enlarged thymus gland, keloids and fungal infections. The
incidence directly relates to the amount of radiation given and inversely with the age of the person at the time
of exposure. It generally takes 10 to 30 years after radiation exposure for a tumor to develop.
Thyroid cancer will develop in about 5 percent of children treated with low-dose radiation to the head and
neck. Four percent of thyroid cancer patients have a history of such radiation therapy. Factors for increasing
the risk after radiation exposure include female sex, younger age at exposure and a longer interval after
radiation.
Forty percent of patients with thyroid nodules and a history of exposure to external radiation have thyroid
cancer.
At Slightly Higher Risk
• Papillary carcinoma is increased in people with familial colon polyposis (multiple polyps of the colon),
deficiency in the blood clotting Factor XI, and several other rare diseases.
• Risk for medullary carcinoma is inherited from one parent (autosomal-dominant) in 50 percent of patients.
• More anaplastic and follicular carcinomas develop in people from areas with endemic goiter. Eighty percent of
patients with anaplastic carcinoma have a history of nodular goiter.